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Likelihood of confusion
Confusion is assessed through the signs, goods/services, relevant consumers and the overall impression.
Türkiye: practical decision and evidence
Confusion is assessed through the signs, goods/services, relevant consumers and the overall impression. Prepare a comparison showing similarities and meaningful differences. A shared letter or a numerical similarity score alone does not establish the legal result.
Worked file: two similar signs concern specialised machinery and consumer cosmetics. Compare the actual goods, relevant buyers, distribution and overall signs instead of applying a fixed similarity threshold. Record evidence supporting both similarity and distinction; a definitive legal outcome needs the competent decision-maker’s assessment.
Visual, aural and conceptual similarity
Examine visual, aural and conceptual similarity together where relevant to the consumer. Record pronunciation, meaning and dominant elements, then connect them to goods/services. Similarity in only one aspect is not a universal rule that decides every case.
Similarity of goods and services
Compare goods/services by nature, purpose, users, distribution channels and their complementary or competing relationship. Explain the connection with the actual wording. Identical class numbers do not automatically prove similarity, and different numbers do not rule it out.
Trademark similarity analysis
Compare dominant and weak elements of the signs alongside consumers, goods/services and purchasing conditions. Explain the overall impression in a reasoned report. A visual percentage or a single shared word cannot replace the legal similarity assessment.
Official filing and support
This guidance concerns Turkish rights unless a section expressly names another jurisdiction. Kayra can coordinate research, document preparation and follow-up. Registration, opposition and grant decisions belong to the competent office. Verify any required representative’s registration and authority before appointing them; court proceedings require appropriately qualified legal representation. The enquiry form requests consultancy, and does not itself file an official application.
Primary official sources
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The exact records for Likelihood of confusion depend on the confirmed scope. Current, consistent and traceable information reduces avoidable revisions.