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When LVD applies: voltage bands, exclusions and equipment boundaries
Determine LVD applicability from the actual rated equipment, its use and exclusions without declaring lower-voltage products free of all safety duties.
Make a documented applicability decision
LVD 2014/35/EU applies to equipment designed for rated voltage between 50–1000 V AC and 75–1500 V DC, excluding the equipment and phenomena in Annex II. Identify the input and output ratings, intended use and marketed equipment boundary. The everyday term low voltage can describe products both within and outside this legal scope.
Check exclusions before selecting a conformity route. Equipment for explosive atmospheres or radiology/medical purposes, for example, requires the appropriate legislative analysis rather than a generic LVD certificate recommendation. Being outside LVD does not establish that no other product rules or safety obligations apply.
Hypothetical case: industrial versus medical use
A supplier offers the same 230 V unit both as an ordinary industrial power supply and as equipment specifically for medical use. The voltage rating lies in the LVD band, but the second proposed use changes the scope question. Obtain the actual product description, intended purpose, users, installation and supplied configuration instead of relying on voltage alone.
Document the legislative route for each identified offering and obtain the competent technical/regulatory review needed for the medical-purpose branch. Do not assert that an industrial LVD report grants approval for the changed purpose. Equally, do not conclude that the medical exclusion removes all electrical safety requirements from that equipment.
Consequences of the scope decision
Where LVD applies, its safety objectives and internal-production-control obligations must be addressed for the actual product. Where it does not apply, record the reason and continue the analysis under the relevant rules. Keep the evidence attached to the use and configuration for which it was assessed; a shared enclosure or sales name is not a sufficient bridge.
Kayra can help organise the factual scope brief and questions for appropriate specialist review. It does not decide an individual product’s regulatory classification solely from a catalogue title. The next action is a signed-off applicability record naming the equipment, ratings, use, exclusions examined and unresolved legislative interfaces.
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For “When LVD applies: voltage bands, exclusions and equipment boundaries”, share the current product model, rated voltages and available records. The agreed technical scope determines which further evidence is needed.